解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
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神经系统科学
护理
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产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
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放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
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风湿病学
运动科学
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毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Chromosome segregation ensures the equal partitioning of chromosomes at mitosis. However, long chromosome arms may pose a problem for complete sister chromatid separation. In this paper we report on the analysis of cell division in primary cells from field vole Microtus agrestis, a species with 52 chromosomes includin...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0077-1
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A plant carrying a small extra chromosome was found in Landsberg erecta ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that this minichromosome was derived from the short arm of chromosome 4. The size of this "mini4S" chromosome was estimated to be approximately 7.5 Mb on the basis of pre...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0045-1
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent progress in elucidating the function of synaptonemal complex (SC) proteins and of cohesins in meiocytes made possible, in particular, through the analysis of mice deficient in SC or cohesin proteins has significantly enriched our understanding of how meiotic chromosome architecture is determined. Cohesins and t...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0060-x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organization of interphase chromatin spans many topics, ranging in scale from the molecular level to the whole nucleus, and its study requires a concomitant range of experimental approaches. In this review, we examine these approaches, the results they have generated, and the interfaces between them. The greatest ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0035-3
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to genetic information, mitotic chromosomes transmit essential components for nuclear assembly and function in a new cell cycle. A specialized chromosome domain, called the perichromosomal layer, perichromosomal sheath, chromosomal coat, or chromosome surface domain, contains proteins required for a variet...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0021-9
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vertebrate pore protein Nup153 plays pivotal roles in nuclear pore function. In addition to being important to pore architecture, Nup153 is a key participant in both import and export. The scope of Nup153 function also extends beyond the canonical view of the pore as a trafficking gateway. During the transition in...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0019-3
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To structurally dissect mitotic chromosomes, we aim to position along the folded chromatin fiber proteins involved in long-range order, such as topoisomerase IIalpha (topoIIalpha) and condensin. Immuno-electron microscopy (EM) of thin-sectioned chromosomes is the method of choice toward this goal. A much-improved immu...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0023-7
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic regulation of higher-order chromatin structure controls gene expression and the assembly of chromosomal domains during cell division, differentiation, and development. The proposed "histone code" integrates a complex system of histone modifications and chromosomal proteins that establish and maintain distin...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0001-0
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis) has a karyotype of 2n=6 in the female and 7 in the male, the karyotypic evolution of which through extensive tandem fusions and several centric fusions has been well-documented by recent molecular cytogenetic studies. In an attempt to define the fusion orientations of c...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0004-x
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunodeficiency, centromeric region instability, facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease. Usually, it is caused by mutations in the DNA methyltransferase 3B gene, which result in decreased methylation of satellite DNA in the juxtacentromeric heterochromatin at 1qh, 16qh, and 9qh. Sat...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0343-7
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distinctive behaviors of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis depend upon differences in kinetochore position. Kinetochore position is well established except for a critical transition between meiosis I and meiosis II. We examined kinetochore position during the transition and compared it with the position of kineto...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0330-z
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex (Mre11 complex) is a central player in most aspects of the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks, including homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining, telomere maintenance and DNA damage checkpoint activation. Several of these findings are explained by the unusual enzyma...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-004-0306-4
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, a new chromosome fluorescence banding technique was developed in plants. The technique combined 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining with software analysis including three-dimensional imaging after deconvolution. Clear multiple and adjacent DAPI bands like G-bands were obtained by this techniqu...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-004-0289-1
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by the shortening of a copy-number polymorphic array of 3.3 kb repeats (D4Z4) at one allelic 4q35.2 region. How this contraction of a subtelomeric tandem array causes FSHD is unknown but indirect evidence suggests that a short array has a cis effect on a distant ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-004-0280-x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila melanogaster was transformed with an 18 kb fragment of the C3 DNA puff of Rhynchosciara americana, including the C3-22 gene and the origins of replication that direct amplification. Different tissues and developmental stages of five independent transgenic lines were analyzed by quantitative Southern blot hy...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0254-4
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome paints of the rat kangaroo ( Aepyprymnus rufuscens, 2 n=32) were used to define chromosome regions in the long nosed potoroo ( Potorous tridactylus, 2 n=12 female, 13 male) karyotype and localize these regions in three-dimensionally preserved nuclei of the potoroo to test the hypothesis that marsupial chrom...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0246-4
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterochromatin of chromosomes 2 and 3 of Drosophila melanogaster contains about 30 essential genes defined by genetic analysis. In the last decade only a few of these genes have been molecularly characterized and found to correspond to protein-coding genes involved in important cellular functions. Moreover, sever...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0241-9
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of the telomeric repeat sequence has severe cellular consequences in a variety of systems. A Tetrahymena thermophila telomerase template mutant, ter1-43AA, displays an acute mitotic chromosome segregation defect. In the study described here we investigated the molecular basis for this lethality. Although clon...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0233-9
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dioecious plant Silene latifolia has large, heteromorphic X and Y sex chromosomes that are thought to be derived from rearrangements of autosomes. To reveal the origin of the sex chromosomes in S. latifolia, we isolated and characterized telomere-homologous sequences from intra-chromosomal regions (interstitial te...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-002-0213-5
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polypurine/polypyrimidine (PuPy) tracts present in the human genome are known to be scattered among and within chromosomes. In PuPy tract sequences, triplex formation occurs readily under physiological conditions, leaving single-stranded DNAs capable of hybridization with complementary single-stranded DNAs and RNA...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-002-0198-0
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diverse studies indicate that certain nonhistone proteins may be responsible for maintaining the integrity of the eukaryotic chromosomes. In view of their dispersal during nuclear division and their acknowledged role in gene expression, none of the nuclear matrix proteins can be regarded as integral proteins of the ch...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-002-0189-1
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that methylated lysine 9 of histone H3 (Me9H3) is a marker of heterochromatin in divergent animal species. It localises to both constitutive and facultative heterochromatin and replicates late in S-phase of the cell cycle. Significantly, Me9H3 is enriched in the inactive mammalian X chromosome (Xi) in female c...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-002-0182-8
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We provide evidence that centromere-specific 155 bp DNA repeats terminate one pair of telomeres at the telocentric, left end of the short fourth chromosome in Chironomus pallidivittatus. Earlier evidence indicated that all other telomeres are terminated by 340 bp telomere-specific repeats. DNA that borders the 155 bp ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-001-0176-y
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a mammalian artificial mini-chromosome lacking human alphoid DNA and mouse minor and major satellite DNA repeats. This mini-chromosome, initially recovered in a mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line (CGR8), is 2.6 Mb in size and consists of sequences derived from the human Y chromosome and mouse chromosomes ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120100160
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The large-scale primary structure of the centromeric region of rice chromosome 5 was analyzed, the first example in a cereal species. The yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) contigs aligned on the centromere of rice chromosome 5 (CEN5) covered a distance of more than 670 kb. Str...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120100148
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::P elements, a family of DNA transposons, are known as aggressive intruders into the hitherto uninfected gene pool of Drosophila melanogaster. Invading through horizontal transmission from an external source they managed to spread rapidly through natural populations within a few decades. Owing to their propensity for r...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004120100144
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inverted duplication of chromosome 15 [inv dup(15)] is the most common supernumerary marker chromosome, comprising approximately 50% of all chromosomes in this class. Structurally, the inv dup(15) is a mirror image with the central axis defining a distal break within either the heterochromatic alpha-satellite array...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120000103
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of the nuclear matrix, a karyoskeletal structure that serves as a support for the genome and its activities, has stimulated many studies of the association of nuclear components and functions with this structure. However, certain experimental findings are not consistent with the existence of the nuclear ma...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120000077
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::After selective enrichment and differential hybridisation of Cot-1 DNA fractions of plants with and without polymorphic heterochromatic segments, a repetitive sequence (called Bds1) specific to the polymorphic chromosome segments of Brachycome dichromosomatica (Brachyscome dichromosomatica) was isolated. A single repe...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050430
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the prominent cell cycle-related modifications of histone proteins whose function remains unresolved is the phosphorylation of linker histone H1. In this work we have used indirect immunofluorescence on human cells with antibodies that are specific for phosphorylated histone H1 to examine the cellular distribut...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050400
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a novel rearranged human Y chromosome consisting of an inverted duplication of the long arm heterochromatin and a small amount of euchromatin: rea(Y)(qter-q11.2::q11.2-qter). The normal centromere has been deleted and a neocentromere containing CENP-A, -C, -E and Mad2 but not CENP-B has formed close to the...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120000081
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homologous chromosomes initially undergo weak alignments that bring homologous sequences into register during meiosis. These alignments can be facilitated by two types of mechanisms: interstitial homology searches and telomere-telomere alignments. As prophase (and chromatin compaction) proceeds, these initial pairings...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s004120050407
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized four meiotic mutants of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe by live observation of nuclear movement. Nuclei were stained with either the DNA-specific fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342 or jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused with the N-terminal portion of DNA polymerase alpha. We first f...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050417
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms of chromosome condensation and segregation during the first meiotic division are not well understood. Resolution of recombination events to form chiasmata is important, for it is chiasmata that hold homologous chromosomes together for their oppositional orientation on the meiotic metaphase spindle, thus ens...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050393
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian heterochromatin proteins 1 (HP1alpha, HP1beta, and HP1gamma) are nonhistone proteins that interact in vitro with a set of proteins that play a role in chromatin silencing, transcription, and chromatin remodeling. Using antibodies specific for each HP1 isoform, we showed that they segregate in distinct nuclea...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050372
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromatin protein Polycomb (PC) is necessary for keeping homeotic genes repressed in a permanent and heritable manner. PC is part of a large multimeric complex (PcG proteins) involved in generating silenced chromatin domains at target genes, thus preventing their inappropriate expression. In order to assess the in...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050355
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Centromere protein B (CENP-B) is a centromeric DNA-binding protein that binds to alpha-satellite DNA at the 17 bp CENP-B box sequence. The binding of CENP-B, along with other proteins, to alpha-satellite DNA sequences at the centromere, is thought to package the DNA into heterochromatin subjacent to the kinetochore of...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050343
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work we have used the inhibitor of F-actin polymerisation cytochalasin B (Cyt B) to test the hypothesis that the contractile ring and the central spindle are mutually interdependent structures in mammalian mitotic cells. Double fluorescence staining of alpha-tubulin and F-actin was employed to analyse anaphase...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050332
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetochore binds an evolutionarily conserved set of checkpoint proteins that function to monitor whether chromosomes have aligned properly at the spindle equator. Human cells contain two related protein kinases, hBUB1 and hBUBR1, that appear to have evolved from a single ancestral BUB1 gene. We generated hBUB1- a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050322
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a variety of organisms, euchromatic genes brought into juxtaposition with pericentric heterochromatin show position-effect variegation (PEV), a silencing of gene expression in a subset of the cells in which the gene is normally expressed. Previously, a P-element mobilization screen identified transgenic Drosophila ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050309
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00